visualize in ghana

increasing accessibility to cervical cancer screening


Duration

Feb 2017 - Aug 2018

Focus

Education, Public Health

Tools

Rapid Prototyping, Laser Cutting, Arduino, Manufacturing

Partner

Visualize

Team

iris
Iris Hou

Project Lead

hailey
Hailey Windsor

Material Analysis

zeyad
Zeyad El-Arabaty

Hardware

precious
Precious Listana

UX Design

priyanka
Priyanka Potdar

User Research

vicky
Vicky Zhang

Electrical Engineering

ty
Ty DePalma-Shields

UX Design

Mentors

julia
Julia Kramer

Co-Founder of Visualize

maria
Maria Young

Co-Founder of Visualize


Background

Our objective was to advance the early prototype of a medical training device that assists Ghanaian midwives in learning how to screen for cervical cancer using VIA. We streamlined the physical device design and learning experience by improving usability and making a more intuitive user experience, implementing changes based on analysis of user feedback from Ghanaian midwives.

Our partner

Visualize is a non-profit organization founded in 2013 by Julia Kramer, a Mechanical Engineering PhD candidate, and Maria Young, a current MD candidate. The result of five years of on-the-ground needfinding and research in Ghana, Visualize is dedicated to empowering and supporting Ghanaian midwives in their educational journey to learn how to screen for cervical cancer using visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), a lower-cost and more accessible alternative to the Pap smear.

The problem

Over 300,000 women die from cervical cancer each year, and 90% of cases occur in low and lower-middle income countries. Preventative screening can significantly reduce this mortality rate, since most cervical cancer cases detected early are easily treatable. However, many low to middle income countries lack the infrastructure or resources for traditional screening.

Who is our user?

Ghanaian midwives

in urban and rural areas, with varied access to resources

Our users need...

A better educational experience when learning VIA by viewing a variety of possible situations and their ramifications for the patient.
Real-time feedback and directives to simulate each step of conducting the process of VIA in order to increase comfortability with the procedure.
As much accuracy as possible to the actual procedure while ensuring the device can adapt to on-the-move midwives.
A widely available, long-lasting device that can be used repeatedly and that is accessible through the national curriculum.

Deliverables

Over the course of two years, we transformed an early-stage prototype into a streamlined, user-validated model with wooden laser-cut housing, an anatomically accurate modeled cervical cavity, an Arduino-run electronic interface for real-time interaction by midwives, and a durable instructional tab set that interacts with the device and presents various VIA cases for Ghanaian midwives to learn from.

initials

Educational Tabs

How might we create a more intuitive and enriching educational experience to best facilitate midwives’ learning and improve the user experience?

We began by researching existing floating communities to determine the architectural requirements of a floating residential structure, taking inspiration from similar structures in Ijburg, Netherlands. Combining that inspiration with our own ideas for a functional and comfortable home layout, we sketched designs for two-story homes.

After visualizing a two-dimensional unfolded layout, we created initial prototypes out of cardboard and aluminum foil. Once we tested the efficacy of our 3D designs, we created a higher-fidelity prototype by laser cutting each individual home design from plywood. These structures served as our models for houses.

After visualizing a two-dimensional unfolded layout, we created initial prototypes out of cardboard and aluminum foil. Once we tested the efficacy of our 3D designs, we created a higher-fidelity prototype by laser cutting each individual home design from plywood. These structures served as our models for houses.

initials

Electronic Component

How might we give midwives step-by-step instruction on how to conduct VIA and gamify the process to give a quantifiable rate of accuracy?

Our goal was to create a housing layout that reflected a community rather than just individual homes. We tested various configurations of the laser-cut structures we had created to determine the best possible community arrangement.

For each layout, we gathered user feedback from Bay Area residents about its potential liveability to gain more insight into how individuals might interact within each community design.

Based on our feedback analysis, we ultimately chose a layout with houses arranged around the edges of the block, with a common area in the center of the arrangement. This formation allows for a more protected and cohesive community feel, with space for a public area such as a community center or park.

initials

Physical Device

How might we most accurately simulate the process of VIA through a device that is easy to use, durable, and easily transportable?

After deciding on the layout for the houses, we created a model for the entire system. Our purpose was to create a higher-fidelity model of what the community would look like and how it would interact with a live body of water.

After deciding on the layout for the houses, we created a model for the entire system. Our purpose was to create a higher-fidelity model of what the community would look like and how it would interact with a live body of water.

For this model, we decided to create a version in which the houses themselves do not float separately, but rather sit on a block that supports the whole community. This allows for the block configurations to be easily rearranged as more research and usability testing is conducted.

For this model, we decided to create a version in which the houses themselves do not float separately, but rather sit on a block that supports the whole community. This allows for the block configurations to be easily rearranged as more research and usability testing is conducted.

initials

Implementation

How might we integrate the Visualize device into the national midwifery curriculum by validating its design and implementing in-country manufacturing?

Our goal was to create a housing layout that reflected a community rather than just individual homes. We tested various configurations of the laser-cut structures we had created to determine the best possible community arrangement.

For each layout, we gathered user feedback from Bay Area residents about its potential liveability to gain more insight into how individuals might interact within each community design.

Based on our feedback analysis, we ultimately chose a layout with houses arranged around the edges of the block, with a common area in the center of the arrangement. This formation allows for a more protected and cohesive community feel, with space for a public area such as a community center or park.